Tech Policy Girl

Net Neutrality 101

Suki Kott — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 22:00:00 -0800

Definition:

Simply put, Net Neutrality (known also as Network Neutrality or Open Internet) is the principle of ensuring that all network users and content should be treated equally. While certain concepts of Net Neutrality are complicated, for the most part the internet as it's known in the US is open - information flows freely regardless of the hardware device, software or internet provider being used.

The Issue:

In 2005 the FCC issued a statement listing four principles to ensure the openness of the internet:

Freedom to access (legally permitted) content In other words, if I'm on a Comcast connection and you're on AT&T we should each be able to access the same content, and be able to communicate with each other.
Freedom to use (legally permitted) applications For example, Comcast can't make a deal with Microsoft stating that only users of Microsoft's browser can access content via Comcast internet connections, restricting access by Firefox and Safari users.
Freedom to attach (legally permitted) personal devices e.g. if I want to design a dishwasher that I can control via the internet, I have the right to do so.
Freedom to Competition That is, a provider can't deny users access to competition among providers of content and services.

With the exception of a couple of isolated incidents, the above policies have been adhered to in the US and we Americans have been enjoying the privileges of an open internet.

In September of 2009 the debate was revived when FCC Chairman Julius Genachowski proposed two new principles to add to the existing four:

Nondiscrimination: If you and I subscribe to the same level of service with the same network provider we should be treated equally.
Transparency: Users have a right to know what is offered in available service plans so they can make choices accordingly.

The FCC's full proposal which includes the original principles as well as the two new proposed principles is here (pdf).

Positions:

It's interesting to note that the folks on both sides of the issue argue that innovation is at risk if the other side gets their way. It's also worth noting that there is another faction that take the stance that Net Neutrality policy is a solution in search of a problem.

Advocates believe that policy makers should be proactive in establishing policies to ensure the internet remains fair and competitive and continues to foster innovation.
Opponents argue that Net Neutrality policies could threaten innovation and violates the First Amendment.

Current Status:

The FCC has been soliciting comment from the public on their proposed principles. If you feel strongly about the issue be sure to speak up. Opening comments were heard until January 14th, but you can submit replies until March 5 by going here.

More Information:

Since this is a hot issue at the moment there is endless information on the internet, but a few of my selections are:

Wikipedia has a lot of information in their Net Neutrality page and they also have a page specifically for Net Neutrality in the US.
Check out The Daily Show's Jon Stewart weighing in in on the issue.
The FCC created the OpenInternet.gov site which has information on their proposed policies an Net Neutrality in general.
FreePress.org, strong Net Neutrality advocates are behind the Save The Internet movement and web site.
HandsOff.org used to have a web site detailing their opposition to Net Neutrality but the site seems to be gone now.
In October of 2009 John McCain introduced legislation limiting the FCC's ability to establish Net Neutrality policy.

Where Do You Stand On the Issue?

Fail: CA Assembly Attempts to Hide Vote

Suki Kott — Wed, 05 Aug 2009 23:53:00 -0700

This is a post about government transparency or rather, lack thereof. While transparency is not strictly tech policy, (in fact I like to refer to it as 'policy tech',) I have to get this story out there because it needs to be heard.

On July 24th I was browsing my twitter feed when I came across two tweets from the local PBS station's California Capitol correspondent John Myers (@KQED_CapNotes) stating that a state oil bill to allow additional drilling off the Santa Barbara coast had been defeated by the state Assembly. I took note and moved on.

I didn't think much more about it until I sat down to breakfast with the Saturday Wall Street Journal in which I found an opinion piece by John Fund about California's woeful budget issues. The article mentioned that the Tranquillon Ridge bill had been defeated by the Assembly and:

"Then things got really weird. A motion to expunge the vote from the public record was made by Democratic floor leader Alberto Torrico and was approved by voice vote. It disappeared from the public record as if it had been erased, in an effort to hide their decision from voters."

Aside from feeling angry that it's legal for the assembly to do this, I find it pathetic that they thought they'd get away with it. With reporters tweeting real-time, and a live TV broadcast of the vote, what were they thinking? These are the folks who are setting tech-related policy -- do they have a clue that these technologies exist?

As if that wasn't enough to have me ranting, Sunday's SF Chronicle published an editorial on the incident (and a side box with all the individual votes). If you scroll to the bottom of the page you'll see a list of additional tricks that legislators are able to play in order to skew how they are perceived by their constituents. These tricks include planning an absence during a vote, adding a vote after a bill has been defeated or passed, and changing their vote (they get several hours after the bill's defeat or passage to do this). Dirty tricks, those. So much for transparency and accountability.

I find this totally unacceptable, and I'm looking forward to attending TransparencyCamp this weekend to see what ideas other attendees have for dealing with such problems.

How would you tackle this issue?

Energy Secretary Chu on the Daily Show

Suki Kott — Wed, 22 Jul 2009 21:50:00 -0700

To Jon Stewart, Secretary of Energy Steven Chu is the only cabinet member that seems alive. A self-proclaimed nerd, Chu is entertaining and funny, (in a nerd-like way,) on last night's episode of The Daily Show.

Chu mentioned that he supports the 'overall concept' of cap and trade and that this program gives the US a great opportunity to be a leader in the 'new industrial revolution'.

He went on to say that white roofs and roads would have a profound effect on global warming -- the equivalent of taking the world's one billion cars off the road for 11 years. While I feel skeptical about this claim I'm not about to challenge a Nobel Prize winner. Was that all the roofs and roads in the US or the world over? He didn't specify.

And here's Secretary Chu's explanation of the benefits of white roofs:

Signs of Life from OSTP

Suki Kott — Sun, 14 Jun 2009 19:44:00 -0700

I gave up on the Office of Science and Technology Policy web site years ago. I remember prowling around the site looking for information in vain. The web site itself was clunky and listed only press releases and news. There was no sense of... action, or movement. It was clear that tech policy was not on the Bush Administration's radar.

But now... we have change we can believe in:

Launched on April 22, the updated site has a blog that is a virtual party in comparison. Through the blog, the agency has been actively soliciting participation from the public in their three-phase open government initiative.

What thrills me about this change of direction is that not only is the department setting policy on technology and science (as they've always done), but now they're using technology to make policy in a collaborative and informative manner. Through continuous requests for comment they are tapping into the experience and wisdom of anyone who chooses to participate. It's surprisingly innovative for a government agency.

So if you're reading this, please visit the site, register, and join in to help create policy.

Hacker Demands Ransom for Stolen Medical Records

Suki Kott — Thu, 07 May 2009 21:20:00 -0700

As we hear more and more talk of centralizing and digitizing medical records, a recent story reminds one of the importance of being judicious about the storage and protection of such records.

According to a story in Government Technology, a hacker accessed and captured nearly 8 million medical patient's prescription records and demanded a $10 million dollar ransom in exchange for not offering them for sale to unsavory characters. The ransom was displayed to anyone logging into the state's prescription monitoring program web site.

The authenticity of the hack has yet to be confirmed, but if it's indeed as bad as they think it is, the folks whose records were stolen could be at risk for medical identity theft. Records for patients possessing prescriptions for high-valued medications such as oxycontin, xanax, etc. would bring a decent price on the black market.

This incident is a not-so-gentle reminder that government entities are not known for their ability to protect the data of the citizens they serve. And I expect the Obama administration to address such risks in their proposal for centralization of such records.

Tech and The Recovery Bill

Suki Kott — Fri, 16 Jan 2009 13:03:00 -0800

We're in the money... Actually we're going further into debt. Read more about technology and the stimulus package in my commentary at TechPolicyCentral.

Obama's Tech Platform

Suki Kott — Tue, 11 Nov 2008 23:24:00 -0800

I was going to do a thorough write-up on Obama's proposed approach towards technology, but I can't be more thorough than the the president elect himself, so instead I'm including a couple of links and a video of his presentation of his tech policy platform.

Unlike a lot of campaign speeches I heard Obama give, where he said what he wanted to change but not how he would go about making the change, he did outline some specific plans regarding technology and innovation such as immigration reform, making permanent the R&D tax credit, and making science and math education a priority. Also on his platform are infrastructure items such as broadband access and the smart grid.

He also proposes a push to electronic health records (great in theory but in practice could be downright scary,) and more transparency in government (a refreshing change from the Bush administration).

Being that Obama launched this policy in November of 2007, some things are sure to change. For instance, by the time he's inaugurated I'm not sure the country will be able to come up with the $150 Billion he pledged to clean energy projects.

For more info see TechCrunch's overview, the platform write-up on Obama's campaign site, or even the following video of Barack explaining it himself:

Blueprint For Change: Technology

No Probable Cause Necessary for Laptop Data Searches

Suki Kott — Thu, 25 Sep 2008 08:06:00 -0700

The Register reports a significant change in the rules regarding border searches of laptops and other devices. Under the new rules, customs and border agents are authorized to search, analyze and store data without probable cause. For the past 20 years agents had to have probable cause in order to inspect data on the devices of travelers entering into the US. As of July that rule has been (quietly) relaxed, and powers given to agents expanded.

In February the EFF and Asian Law Caucus sued the Department of Homeland Security over these invasive searches, and then in May a federal district court ruled in favor of the searches. This led to some groups requesting that foreign travelers leave their devices at home when traveling abroad to the US.

The question that comes to my mind is how knowledgeable the agents are regarding the devices they're supposed to search. This fella missed his flight because the TSA wasn't able to identify his MacBook Air as a laptop.

Berkeley Providing Loans for Solar

Suki Kott — Sat, 20 Sep 2008 08:54:00 -0700

The Berkeley city council has unanimously approved a proposal to give homeowners loans to install solar panels on their homes. The loan would be paid off over 20 years via an additional charge of $180 per month on their property taxes. If the property is sold, the new owners assume the loan. The city is starting with a pilot of 50 homes initially.

The program sounds good (though I'd rather save 20K myself over the next ten years than pay 40K over 20), but depending on the timing of the program, and given where the credit market is headed, my question would be how the city of Berkeley is going to find the capital to do this. Program information is here.

Lawsuit Digs into Teens' Online Ramblings

Suki Kott — Sun, 07 Sep 2008 23:10:00 -0700

I remember reading, a year or so ago, about a young woman whose medical care for her anorexia was denied by her health insurance provider. Her parents banned together with other parents posed with similar issues to sue their insurance company for costs incurred in their daughters' treatment. The insurance company's stance is that anorexia is a psychological rather than biological affliction and thus they aren't obligated to cover associated costs. (Which causes one to wonder whether they grant coverage for the ills associated with being overweight -- or smoking and its drawn-out and oft fatal afflictions?)

Then last week, The Economist mentioned an insidious development in the case (Beye v. Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield Of New Jersey, Inc.). The health insurance company, Horizon, demanded access to all digital communications of the young women -- Facebook, IM threads, blogs, email, text messages, the entire lot. When the lawyer for the girls objected on the grounds of invasion of privacy, he lost.

There are several issues with this. First, the technology is new. Only recently have the Y Generation started taking seriously their elders' warnings about the internet being a permanent system of record for their online activities. Second, the young women are minors so, in my opinion, deserve the protection of privacy appropriate for children. The legal system affords special treatment and leniency for minors in many regards -- this should extend to digital privacy.

And adults should heed the story of this lawsuit as well -- don't blog about your great ski trip to Aspen when you're on workers' comp.

Is Your Email Being Used Against You?

Suki Kott — Thu, 04 Sep 2008 00:10:00 -0700

About a month ago the Washington Post reported that NebuAd, a web marketing company, was employing the nastiness known as deep packet inspection (DPI) to target advertising at internet users in Kansas. The only notice the ISP offered their customers was an update to their privacy policy on their corporate web site. This would be like the USPS posting a similar notice on their web site before allowing mail carriers to open your mail, log the contents, and share the findings with advertisers. (For a great write-up on the particulars of deep packet inspection, see the ACM's blog post on the subject.)

Today the Post reports that NebuAd is putting the mass deployment of their product on hold while Congress addresses privacy concerns of the technology. The article goes on to say that several companies have put their trial deployment on the back burner. It doesn't mention how many (or which) companies are continuing with their deployment plans.

I went to NebuAd's web site and found a link to opt out of their 'behavioral targeting solution': http://www.nebuad.com/privacy/optout.php (Note that if you delete your browser cookies, you will need to opt-out again.)

Voting Machines Drop Votes

Suki Kott — Wed, 27 Aug 2008 00:15:00 -0700

Here's a QA nightmare: for the past ten years the voting machines made by Premier Election Solutions (formerly Diebold) have had a bug in their software that causes votes to be dropped. According to an article in the Washington Post the problem occurs when votes are transferred from a memory card to a central tallying server and, as Premier officials note, inconsistencies are caught only when (if?) cross-checking is done by elections officials as part of the results certification process. The most notable state affected by this bug is of course a hotly contested one -- Ohio.

Due to the fact that elections systems changes must be certified by the Fed, it could take two years or more to get the issue resolved. In the meantime it will be considered a 'known issue', and presumably elections officials will be notified and advised of the problem.

The kick of the story though is that Premier first declared the issue human error. Then recanted and blamed it on Antivirus software. And then, as Dan Goodin of The Register puts it... finally 'confessed' to a logic error.

Hackers Use FEMAs Dime to Make $12K in Calls

Suki Kott — Fri, 22 Aug 2008 23:27:00 -0700

According to an article by the AP, FEMA's PBX system was hacked into and used to make about $12,000 in phone calls. Given the wealth of information on how PBXs work (and their potential flaws,) one would think that Homeland Security's FEMA would have made sure their system was hardened against such exploits.

Oh -- and the calls were made to Asia and the Middle East.

No More Shacking Up With Ohio Voting Machines

Suki Kott — Wed, 20 Aug 2008 07:15:00 -0700

Apparently some folks in Ohio have been hosting electronic voting machines at their slumber parties. Poll workers, in that hotly contested state, frequently bring the machines home with them for days leading up to elections. I'm not sure I understand why this would be necessary -- and frankly, any arguments I've read about (it allows pollworkers to avoid charges incurred by moving companies,) make no sense to me. Clearly I'm not the only one who doesn't buy these arguments because Ohio's Secretary of State has issued a directive stating that this practice will no longer be allowed.

Via Why Tuesday.

(By the way, the AP news posting states that extra costs incurred by this change would be covered by federal funding, but I don't see anything that indicates so in the directive).

New in iTunes: Taxation

Suki Kott — Thu, 14 Aug 2008 19:34:00 -0700

Wired reports that California Assemblyman Calderon is at it again with a fresh digital entertainment tax proposal. His first attempt at internet taxation, AB 1956, (dubbed the iTunes tax,) was defeated so he recently put forth ABX3 22 during the legislature's special extended session (as if the state's budget crisis is going to be solved by taxing iPhone apps...)

The article points out that imposing a sales tax on downloads merely punishes people who are legally acquiring digital media while those who take part in online sharing get by without taxation.

Would the income from the tax itself even cover the time and resources spent to get this legislation passed? Maybe this guy needs a lesson in spending vs. taxation?

Forgetting Your ID Gets You Added to TSA List

Suki Kott — Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:30:00 -0700

USA Today reports that the TSA has been adding air travelers who forget their IDs to their list of potential terrorists. The logic being that this would pick up on terrorists who are looking to discover holes in the TSAs safety process.

The paper reports that they spoke to the TSA chief about this practice, and that later that day he called back to say that they would be discontinuing the practice, and if the on-site officials could determine the traveler's identity, that traveler would not be added to the list. The chief also stated that the records that had already been collected on forgetful fliers would be expunged from their database.

So... How do you collect personal data for someone who has no ID? What exactly was the TSA recording in their database?

California Senate Passes Anti-Cyberbullying Bill

Suki Kott — Tue, 12 Aug 2008 22:55:00 -0700

Today Ars Technica published an article on California AB 86, introduced by assemblyman Ted Lieu and just passed by the state senate, that gives school administrators the discretion to suspend or expel students for cyberbullying. The bill initially began as a move towards better nutrition in schools, and as is wont with legislation, was modified several times on its way through the ~~sausage~~ law mill and now contains a blip about bullying by means of an electronic act.

It does bring to mind the slam books that girls used to pass around in school which could be vicious, (especially if the shortcomings pointed out therein were actually true). However, the internet makes it too easy for hurtful comments to be made instantly pervasive -- permanently. Comments made online long outlast paper slam books (which the principal can toss into the school incinerator).

By the way, I did notice several comments on the Ars Technica article referring to the crazy liberal California politicians. I'd like to point out that Iowa, Minnesota, New Jersey and Oregon already have anti-cyberbullying laws and several other states are further along in passing such laws than California is. But we're always happy to take the credit for being first.

Bullet Microstamping

Suki Kott — Mon, 23 Jun 2008 01:39:00 -0700

San Francisco PBS station KQED recently ran a report on the regulation that will require all guns sold in California to employ bullet microstamping technology. Each firearm will have a specially marked firing pin that will imprint a code on the bullet casing at the time of firing. While the NRA is up in arms with this, the only drawback presented in the report is that of incomplete stamping if the firing pin gets worn or damaged.

A question I have that the report didn't address: How easy is it to swap out the firing pin? Crime novel writers take note -- this could be an interesting plot resolution.

Bill to Censor Non-US Censorship

Suki Kott — Wed, 30 Apr 2008 18:26:00 -0700

I don't even know what to say about this one so I won't say much. Remember the brewhaha over Cisco's technology selling technology to China for use in creating the Great Firewall of China? Wired reports that Congressman Chris Smith has proposed HR275, known as the 'Global Online Freedom Act of 2007'. Among other things it prevents US companies from participating in the censorship of citizens' internet activities. Unless it's the US doing the censorship I suppose...

Project 28 Upgrade

Suki Kott — Wed, 23 Apr 2008 00:35:00 -0700

A typical technology story: the DHS finally has Project 28 up and running and it's now determined to not meet the border patrol's needs and must be upgraded. Washington Technology doesn't have information on how, exactly, the project falls short of expectations, but back in February the Times-Tribune reported that US Rep. Chris Carney went south to check out the project and was not impressed.

The entire 100 miles are expected to be completed in 2011, (by which time the project should be due for another upgrade).